A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

Green Island uses the extract in some of the skincare products to promote skin healing and help against infections. 

Karpata (Ricinus comunis): The beans of this wild-growing plant produce the world-famous Castor Oil or Wonder Oil, which has been used for centuries as a laxative. Castor Oil is reputed to promote hair growth. The oil is very heavy and does not absorb easily into the skin. The leaves of the plant have been used to treat hernia, bruises, broken bones, toothaches and to wash hair. We use an extract in some of our Herbal Shampoos and in some skincare products.

Lemongrass (Cymbopogon flexosus): related to Citronella grass, this grass is effective as an insect repellent and is used as such in our insect repellent products. The tea and the essential oil also help against the forming of urea crystals in the joints. The oil is used to prevent wrinkles and to stimulate concentration and focus. There is also some indication that the herb may help inhibit cancer cells from growing, at Ben Gurion University in Israel.  

Neem (Azadirachta indica): not an indigenous species, nevertheless Neem is wellknown for its skin healing properties. It is used as a diabetes remedy and is very useful as an insect repellent. It is especially useful to treat skin fungus. Green Island makes a Flaira, Neem & Tea Tree soap which has had immediate and surprising benefits for people with skin fungus and sensitive, dry skin.

Noni (Morinda citrifolia): this tree originates in the Pacific but grows very well on our islands. Both the leaves and the fruit are used. It is said that Noni cures almost anything, but is especially used for arthritis, joint problems, skin diseases and to promote general health. We make Noni soap and use Noni fruit and tea from the leaves in some of our skincare products. Noni is reputed to promote hair growth.

Welensali (Croton flavens): we call it Wild Sage, but it is actually not a Salvia species. This local herb is used to wash dishes, and the tea also has curative powers for cramps, aches and pains; it is said to reduce fever and help agains congestion and sneezing. It is often used to treat menstrual problems as it helps to regulate hormones. It is also reputed to help cure warts, which would make it anti-viral. The herb works well against infections, which is why we make a very effective Welensali soap for oily skin with pimples. Welensali has saponins, natural soap-like compounds, which is why we also use this extract for some of our cleaning products. The strong smell of the leaves does remind one of Sage.

Yerba di Hole (Ocimum basilicum): also known as Sweet Basil, this fragrant herb is not only used to flavor soups, stews and omelets, but also used as an insect repellent, as a deodorant, aphrodisiac, disinfectant and decongestant. This very versatile herb is grown in almost every household on our islands. Green Island makes a beautiful Sweet Basil soap and uses it in the insect repellent products and the air freshener.

There are many more curative herbs and plants on our islands, some of which we are experimenting with for our products.

With many thanks to Dinah Veeris, John de Freitas and Gerard van Buurt for their helpful information.

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(With thanks to one of our main suppliers, Camden-Grey essential oils in Miami).  

Anise : Pimpinella anisum, steam distilled seed, China. Spicy, warm, licorice-like aroma. Fishermen use it to mask human scent while fishing. Well known for its effect on the digestive system. May have a good effect on asthma and breathing difficulties. Anise has estrogenlike properties, is an emmenagogue, aids childbirth, increases milk secretion, and is antispasmodic for nerves and muscles. Anise is indicated for lack of menstruation, menopause, colitis, and poor breathing due to nerves. Blends well with fennel, petitgrain and rosewood. Flash point: 182°F.

Anise Star : Ilicium verum, steam distilled star, China. The essential oil resides in the pericarp, not in the seed. Spicy, warm, licorice-like aroma like anise seed, but slightly stronger. Fishermen use it to mask human scent while fishing. Well known for its effect on the digestive system. May have a good effect on asthma and breathing difficulties. Anise has estrogenlike properties, is an emmenagogue, aids childbirth, increases milk secretion, and is antispasmodic for nerves and muscles. Anise is indicated for lack of menstruation, menopause, colitis, and poor breathing due to nerves. Blends well with fennel, petitgrain and rosewood. Flash point: 182°F.

Balsam Perú Resin : Myroxylon pereirae, solvent extracted bark, El Salvador. Balsam Perú is a different physiological form of Balsam Tolú. The balsam is a pathological product from older trees. It is a brown resin with a vanilla-type scent and a smoky odor. It's not a liquid, must be warmed in a double boiler prior to use for ease of dispensing. Natural fixative can make a little scent go a long way. Among its uses: anti-infective, on chafed skin to soothe, massage of muscles for circulation, inhalant for respiratory and immune systems, effective at relieving itch of scabies, ringworm and eczema, as well as for relieving chapped hands and feet. Exotic aroma, anchoring, strengthening and imparts a rich, earthy scent to perfumes. Some believe it is a skin sensitizer. Use with caution. Flash point: 200°F. N.B. Green Island uses this essential oil at 1% in our Silky Body Lotion, combined with Lavender this gives a wonderful, lasting smell. It gives a beige color to the lotion, but we have found this to be no real objection amongst our clients.

Basil, Sweet : Ocimum basilicum, steam distilled herb, India. Our basil EO has contents of 70-72% of methyl cavicol and 15-18% of linalool. Warm, spicy and herbal, with a hot, somewhat anise tasting "bite." Generally used as an antispasmodic, anti-inflammatory, pain reliever, decongestant of the veins, antibacterial. Basil is a wonderful addition to many perfume blends, it works as a brain and memory stimulant and soothes stress, depression, and mental fatigue. Basil is also indicated for urinary infections, rheumatoid arthritis and insufficient digestive enzymes. Good for tired, overworked muscles, as a mouthwash for mouth sores and infected gums, for chest infections and digestive problems. Blends well with bergamot, lavender, neroli and verbena. Flash point: 167°F.

Bay Rum : Pimento racemosa, steam distilled leaf, Jamaica. Light, spicy, sweet aroma, the aroma of Old Spice cologne. May act as an appetite stimulant and to settle stomach pains. General aches and pains, as well as rheumatic pains may be alleviated. Used to treat scalp conditions, dandruff and greasy hair. Blends well with rose, cedarwood, and eucalyptus. Should be used with caution due to its eugenol content. Flash point: 115°F. (Cannot ship via air or ocean w/o appropriate documentation, cannot ship via postal air services.)

Benzoin :   Styrax benzoin, alcohol (NOT solvent) extracted resin/tear, China. The benzoin tree produces a white sap which becomes hard and brittle, and yellowish-brown in color. The bark is deliberately cut, causing the sap to run, and it is collected from the bark. It's made up mainly of Benzoic acid, Benzoate and some vanillin. It's used as an expectorant and pulmonary antiseptic, for acne, eczema, and psoriasis. It's used as a preservative in food. Some "experts" consider it a skin sensitizer but we don't know what proof they use to substantiate this claim as other "experts" recommend this product for acne, eczema and psoriasis. One very famous acne medication has "benzoin" as part of its name. Blends well with bay, bergamot, black pepper, orange, sandalwood, and ylang ylang. Flash point: 212°F. N.B. Green Island uses Benzoin as a preservative in some products.

Bergamot : Citrus bergamia, cold pressed peel, Italy (standard cultivation), Italy (organic). Its aroma is uplifting, spicy, sweet; like orange and lemons with floral overtones......citrus spice with a high floral note. Inhaled, it relaxes the nervous system and acts as a digestive. Also used as an expectorant, gargle for a sore throat, inhaled for anxiety and depression, used for a variety of skin problems. It may be used as an inhalation for respiratory tract infections such as tonsilitis and bronchitis. It is a valuable antiseptic for the urinary tract and infections and inflammation such as cystitis. Combined with tea tree it is used as a treatment for cold sores, chicken pox and shingles. Used in douches and sitz baths, bergamot oil has proved successful in gonococcal infections, leucorrhoea, vaginal prurities and urinary infections; add no more than 2-3 drops to some warm water. Its antiseptic properties make it ideal for treating wounds, herpes, acne and oily skin conditions. Bergamot imparts that unusual flavor to Earl Grey tea. It was and still is an important ingredient in the classic Eau de Cologne formula. Blends well with chamomile, lavender, neroli and rosemary. Bergamot is a photosensitizer (increases the skin reaction to sunlight and makes it more likely to burn) and the photosensitizing effect can last for several days ). Since soap lather only remains on the skin for a few seconds, regular Bergamot may be used in soaps. Bergaptene free Bergamot greatly reduces this risk. Flash point: 122°F. (Cannot ship via air or ocean w/o appropriate documentation, cannot ship via postal air services, UN#2319, Group III)

Birch, sweet : Betula lenta, steam distilled bark, U.S.A. Its aroma is sweet, spicy and minty, a wintergreen chewing gum odor. A powerful oil which could irritate sensitive skin. Best used with caution or not at all. Has an invigorating, even rousing effect on the spirits. Stimulates the sweat glands aiding the body in releasing harmful toxins, can be used as a diuretic for water retention and edema, increases the flow of urine and its diuretic properties could also help with obesity and cellulitis. Useful in a massage for rheumatism and muscle pain since it eliminates accumulation of uric acid in the joints. Blends well with chamomile, frankincense, lemon and cajeput. It's used as a flavor for gum and toothpaste. It can be a skin irritant. Flash point: 205°F. N.B. Green Island uses Sweet Birch in it Muscle Motion Lotion (a soothing, pain relieving blend) and in its Slimming & Firming cream, a.o.

Cajeput : Melaleuca leucadendron, steam distilled leaf/bud, Indonesia. Its scent is peculiar, musty, sweet, penetrating, camphor-like. As part of the Melaleucas, it has great value in skin care and for wound cleansing. It is analgesic, antiseptic, expectorant, and stimulant. Stimulates the mind and assists with getting it back into balance, helps clear thoughts.. Soothes colic and vomiting. Could help with cystitis. Its antiseptic and expectorant properties make it excellent for respiratory tract infections such as colds, laryngitis, bronchitis and it may be helpful for asthma, as well as for nasal and sinus congestion. Its pain relieving properties make it useful in massage for neuralgia, headaches, gout, muscle stiffness and general aches and pain. It is useful for treating painful periods, delayed menses and spasmodic dysmenorrhoea. Its antiseptic properties make it useful for treating acne and psoriasis. It has been used for genital herpes, hemorrhoids and varicose veins. The oil is also reputed to have insect repellent qualities and is the best essential oil to apply undiluted to fire ant bites, preferably immediately after being bitten. Cajeput is considered non-toxic but may irritate the skin in high concentrations. Blends well with bergamot, clove, lavender and rosewood. Not to be used on pregnant women! Flash point: 120°F. (Cannot ship via air or ocean w/o appropriate documentation, cannot ship via postal air services.) UN#1197

Camphor : Cinnamomum camphora, steam distilled leaf, China. Its aroma is spicy, herbal and mothball-like, fresh, clean and very piercing. Analgesic, antidepressant, antiseptic, and antispasmodic. A very powerful oil, overdosing could cause convulsions and vomiting. Should be avoided in pregnancy and in people suffering from epilepsy and asthma. Sedates nervy types particularly when associated with depression. May raise low blood pressure. Warms and cools the body where necessary. Helpful with stiff muscles. It is cooling on the skin and, therefore, reduces inflammatory conditions. Blends well with basil, cajeput and chamomile. Not to be used on babies and pregnant women! Flash point: 125°F. (Cannot ship via air or ocean w/o appropriate documentation, cannot ship via postal air services.) UN#1130 and fatigue. Blends well with bergamot, black pepper, lemon, pine, and thyme. Flash point: 134°F. (Cannot ship via air or ocean w/o appropriate documentation, cannot ship via postal air services.)

Carrot Seed : Daucus carota, steam distilled seed, France. Its aroma is herbaceous, mild, spicy, slightly sweet and dry. Among its uses are tonic, stimulant, liver regenerator, and control of cholesterol. Recommended for mature skin and/or wrinkled skin. Due to its stimulating effect on red blood cells, it adds tone and elasticity to the skin. Its properties make it useful for problems such as weeping sores and ulcers, vitiligo, prurities, boils, carbuncles, eczema and psoriasis. May help to relieve feelings of stress and exhaustion. Used in massage oils and baths as it is considered an excellent blood purifier due to its detoxifying effect on the liver. It is used to treat jaundice and other liver disorders. Blends well with bergamot, lemon, orange and rosemary. Avoid during pregnancy! Flash point: 129°F. (Cannot ship via air or ocean without appropriate documentation, cannot ship via postal air services. UN#1169, Group III)

Cedarwood, Atlas : Cedrus atlantica, steam distilled wood, Morocco. This is a true cedar from the family Pinaceæ, also known as Atlantic cedar and Moroccan cedarwood. This oil is quite different from Virginian cedarwood. Its sweet, woody aroma with a camphoraceous note improves as the oil ages. Its properties are an arterial regenerative and a lymphotonic. It aids in the removal of body fat and is used externally for cellulite and the retention of fluid in the tissue. Atlas Cedar, as its also known, is also used for the respiratory system, a drop in a half cup of water to gargle for sore throat or with a few drops of Eucalyptus in a steaming bowl of water to reduce nasal and lung congestion. Its main benefits are on the respiratory system due to its expectorant properties, easing conditions such as bronchitis, coughs and colds. The oil may be beneficial in the treatment of kidney and bladder disorders. Its antiseptic properties make it an ideal remedy for bladder and kidney infections and for cystitis. The oil may be added to a sitz bath and to compresses. It can be added to shampoos or facial washes to reduce oily secretions. The oil helps to clear chronic conditions such as dermatitis and psoriasis. It would make a good hair tonic and effective for treating seborrhoea of the scalp, dandruff and alopecia. It is also used as a fixative in the perfume industry. Cedarwood Atlas is calming and soothing with sedative effects similar to Sandalwood. This oil is considered neurotoxic and abortive and should not be used on children and pregnant women. Blends well with bergamot, clary sage, frankincense, oakmoss and rosemary. Flash point: 200°F. N.B. This is one of the essential oils that Green Island uses in its Slimming & Firming cream and its Herbal Shampoo.

Cedarwood, Virginia : Juniperus virginiana, steam distilled wood, U.S.A. Also known as Red cedar, it is from the family Cupressaceæ. Although this tree is from this family and not from the family Pinaceæ, it is still called Virginia Cedar. Its scent is sweet and woody, sometimes reminiscent of sandalwood. Calms nervous tension and states of anxiety. Expectorant, dries phlegm. Recommended for hemorrhoids. Deters moths and other insects, usually in drawers and closets. Care should be taken that garments do not directly touch wood treated with Cedarwood essential oil. Blends well with bergamot, cinnamon, frankincense, rose, sandalwood and rosemary. Flash point: 200°F.

Chamomile, Roman : Anthemis nobilis, steam distilled flower, U.K. Also known as Sweet chamomile, English chamomile, Nobel chamomile. Its scent is sweet, herby, fruity, and apple-like. The oil may be very pale blue at first and then it turns a pale yellow color. Roman chamomile is generally used to treat psychological problems, beneficial for people who are short tempered, self involved, overly sensitive or rarely satisfied. It is a traditional remedy for children and is recommended when they are feeling impatient or tense. A 1% dilution of Roman chamomile oil in apricot kernel or any other carrier oil will be very useful as a massage oil over their cheeks or abdomen if the child suffers from colic or teething pain. It is useful as a mild sedative for children. While Roman chamomile's anti-inflammatory and anti-spasmodic effects are to a lesser degree than German chamomile's, it also has anti-inflammatory properties. It is suitable for inhalation. Roman chamomile is a useful oil for women with irregular periods and PMS, ideally used in a bath or massage oil. Both have analgesic, antidepressant, antirheumatic and sedative properties, among many other properties. Blends well with bergamot, jasmine, palmarosa, rose and ylang ylang. Flash point: 125°F. (Cannot ship via air or ocean w/o appropriate documentation, cannot ship via postal air services. UN#1993, Group III, Flammable Liquid). N.B. This is a truly wonderful oil for allergy relief. We use it for our Dead Sea Salt Scrub.

Cinnamon Leaf : Cinnamomum zeylanicum, steam distilled leaf, Ceylon. Oil distilled from the leaves contains mainly Eugenol (@75%). Leaf oil is in great use commercially in foods, mouth preparations, soaps and toiletries. Warm and spicy aroma; it's a rich, yellow oil which lacks the depth and body of cinnamon bark oil. Used as an insecticide, emmenagogue, antispasmodic, antibacterial, aphrodisiac and antifungal particularly against Candida and Aspergillis. Indicated for tooth care, blends for vaginitis, impotence in men, respiratory blends for the lungs. Eases colds and breathing difficulties. As an inhalation, it is excellent for exhaustion, feelings of depression and weakness. It is a very effective antiseptic, digestive and anti-rheumatic and is regarded as one of the strongest antiseptic oils. Useful for preventing infectious and contagious diseases. Not recommended for skin care. Traditionally used in clearing warts. The leaf oil is relatively non-toxic. Very powerful, should be used with extreme care, could be a skin irritant for certain persons. Blends well with clove, frankincense, ginger, lavender, orange and thyme. Flash point: 200°F.

Citronella : Cymbopogon nardus, steam distilled grass, Indonesia. Slightly sweet, powerful and lemony scent. Used as an insecticide and antidepressant. Its most useful quality seems to be as an insect repellant and may also help pets get rid of fleas. Also known to clear the mind so may be useful against headaches and migraines. Its deodorant and stimulating properties always refresh sweaty tired feet, activating the whole body. Blends well with citrus oils, cedarwood, eucalyptus, peppermint, and eucalyptus. Flash point: 170°F. N.B. Along with Lemon Eucalyptus and other oils, Green Island uses this in the Citronella cleaners and air fresheners, and at a low percentage in the insect repellents.

Clary Sage : Salvia sclarea, steam distilled flower/leaf. Its scent is fruity, floral, herbaceous, nutty and heavy. This is a relaxing, warming oil which eases nervous tension. Known as a hormone balancer, it may regulate scanty periods. Its well known for its euphoric action and is an extremely valuable oil for treating nervousness, fear, paranoia and depression. Its antispasmodic and emmenagogue properties make it useful for helping with uterine problems such as easing PMS, regulating scanty periods and easing painful cramps in the lower back. Also encourages labor, enabling the expectant mother to relax and eases post-natal depression. Studies have found Clary Sage to be beneficial for its analgesic and relaxing effects and its ability to accelerate labor. It inhibits prolactin which tends to dry up breast milk. Useful during menopause. Also soothes digestive problems. Not to be used during pregnancy! Blends well with bergamot, lavender, lime, and geranium. Flash point: 134.6F. (UN# 1169, flammable liquid, cannot ship via air or ocean w/o appropriate documentation, can only ship via postal air services within the U.S. and its possessions if rebottled in individual 1 oz. glass bottles.) N.B. A truly wonderful oil, we use it in the Dead Sea Salt Scrub and in the Welensali herbal soap.

Clove Bud : Eugenia caryophyllata, steam distilled bud, Madagascar. Clove bud oil has a sweet, rich, warm, spicy and penetrating aroma with a fruity top note and a woody base note. Highly irritant to the skin, must be diluted, clove bud oil is safer to use than clove leaf due to its lower eugenol content. It should never be used directly on the skin or in large concentrations. Clove bud oil lifts depression and is recommended as an inhalation when feeling weak and lethargic. It's excellent as an antiseptic because of the high proportion of eugenol. It helps stimulate digestion, restores appetite and relieves flatulence. The dental value of cloves is well know, the oil has been traditionally used to relieve toothaches. Clove oil is not used in skin care except to treat infectious wounds, skin sores and leg ulcers. Beneficial to the digestive system, effective against diarrhea, vomiting and spasms. Can help toothache, rheumatism, arthritis and mouth sores. Blends well with basil, cinnamon, citronella, orange and peppermint. Flash point: 200°°F.

Coriander : Coriandrum sativum, steam distilled seed, France. Its aroma is green, sharp and slightly pungent. Coriander is considered anti-inflammatory and sedative. It's indicated for stress, anxiety and insomnia. May help memory, stimulates the mind. Used as a massage oil to ease arthritis pain and migraine headaches. Can also be applied to clear blackheads and for oily skin. Blends well with bergamot, lemon and jasmine. Flash point: 149°F. (Cannot ship via air or ocean w/o appropriate documentation, cannot ship via postal air services. UN#2319, Group III)

Cypress : Cupressus sempervirens, steam distilled leaf/cone, Spain. Trees of the Genera Cupressus are the True Cypresses. Cypress has a woody and slightly spicy aroma. It is anti-infectious, spasmolytic and a venous decongestant. This cypress is indicated for colitis or infections of the gut, to decongest the prostate and to stimulate pancreas and has primary use in the respiratory and circulatory systems. This is a warming, stimulating and uplifting oil and when inhaled just before bedtime can be soothing and relaxing. Seems to have a soothing effect on anger. Useful for sweaty palms or feet. As with many of the evergreen oils, it is useful to reduce fluid retention and cellulite and for aching muscles and arthritis pain. Useful after the loss of loved ones or endings of relationships. It is inhaled for strength and comfort. Its wonderful effect on varicose veins is well known (diluted in a carrier oil and massaged lightly into the legs every day). A few drops of this oil on a cotton ball placed under the pillow can help stop coughing. Regulates menstrual cycle, promotes and increases periods in conditions associated with dysmenorrhoea. It helps relieve painful periods and reduces abnormally heavy blood loss, particularly when it happens in the early stages of menopause. Soothes anger. Blends well with bergamot, grapefruit, lavender, lemon, pine and sandalwood. Flash point: 114°F. (Cannot ship via air or ocean w/o appropriate documentation, cannot ship via postal air services. UN#1993, Flammable Liquid)N.B. Green Island uses Cypress in the Artemisia Foot Spray and in the Slimming & Firming cream; we also produce a Varicose Formula with it.

Eucalyptus : Eucalyptus globulus, steam distilled leaf, China. Commonly known as blue gum. Its scent is camphorous with a woody sweet undertone. Some of this oil's properties are expectorant, decongestant, insecticide, analgesic, antirheumatic and antiseptic. Inhibits proliferation of the cold virus. Deters mosquitoes and other insects. Cools emotions, aids concentration. Effective in all types of fever, lowers the temperature, makes breathing easier, loosens phlegm. It is one of the most valuable oils for treating the respiratory system. According to research, the spraying of a 2% emulsion containing eucalyptus oil kills off 70% of local, airborne staphylococci. Helps with cystitis. Clears up sinus congestion. Blends well with basil, cedarwood, lemon, vetiver, peppermint and clary sage. Flash point: 109°F. (Cannot ship via air or ocean w/o appropriate documentation, cannot ship via postal air services. UN#2319) N.B. Just like Lavender and Tea Tree, Green Island makes grateful use of Eucalyptus globulus in many products.

Eucalyptus ci triodora : Eucalyptus citriodora, steam distilled leaf, China (standard cultivation) and Madagascar (organic cultivation). Commonly known as lemon scented eucalyptus. The oil has a strong fresh citronella-like odor with a sweet balsamic undertone. Very effective insect repellent due to a higher citronellal content than citronella. Appears to have bacteriostatic activity towards Staphylococcus aureus due to the synergy between citronellol and citronellal present in this oil. It is considered analgesic, calming, sedative and anti-hypertensive. Flash point: 165°F. N.B. This is one of Green Island's main insect repellent ingredients. We find it to be very effective. It also helps treat chapped feet in the Mint Foot cream.

Eucalyptus radiata : Eucalyptus radiata, steam distilled leaf, Australia. Also known as narrow-leaved peppermint gum with up to 75% content of 1,8-cineole. This oils is often referred to by its trade name: Eucalyptus australiania. This oil is strongly antiviral and expectorant and is indicated for the respiratory system. It's also useful for vaginitis, acne, and sinus infections. Blends well with basil, cedarwood, lemon, vetiver, peppermint and clary sage. Flash point: 109°F. (Cannot ship via air or ocean w/o appropriate documentation, cannot ship via postal air services.)

Fennel : Foeniculum vulgaris, steam distilled seed, Spain. Sweet, aniseed-like aroma. It is antiseptic, diuretic, expectorant, insecticide and laxative. Its main qualities are warming and drying. It is an excellent body cleanser, may rid the system of toxins from alcohol and excessive eating, great for hangovers. It may be used for the treatment of cellulite when accumulations of toxic wastes and fluids in the subcutaneous fat produce a characteristic wrinkled appearance. Regulates menstrual cycles. Also used for the lungs as an antispasmodic and expectorant. May be used in cold conditions and bronchitis. Tonic to the digestion. Good for vomiting and colic. Antispasmodic, relieves colic, constipation and gas. Decreases appetite. Should be avoided by pregnant and lactating women, persons with endometriosis and epilepsy. Blends well with lavender, lemon, rose, and sandalwood. Flash point: 145°F. (Cannot ship via air or ocean w/o appropriate documentation, cannot ship via postal air services.) N.B. Green Island uses this oil in its Slimming & Firming cream and in the Dead Sea Salt Scrub and Face & Body Mist.

Fir Needle : Abies alba, steam distilled needle, Bulgaria. Rich, balsamic, and refreshing aroma. Among its properties are analgesic, antiseptic, deodorant, and expectorant. Useful as an inhalation for anxiety and stress. Ideal for respiratory difficulties. Has a beneficial effect on chest conditions especially obstructions of the bronchi such as mucus. Its warming effect is beneficial in massage blends for the relief of muscular aches and pains due to rheumatic or arthritic conditions. Blends well with basil, cajeput, cedarwood and frankincense. Flash point: 105°F. (Cannot ship via air or ocean w/o appropriate documentation, cannot ship via postal air services. UN #2319)

Frankincense : Boswellia carteri, steam distilled from resin, Somalia (standard cultivation) and Ethiopia (wildcrafted). Warm, woody, spicy, incense-like aroma. Frankincense has been used since ancient times in religious ceremonies and is still used in many churches today. It was one of the three gifts from the Magi to the infant Jesus. Among its properties are antiseptic, astringent, cicatrisant, diuretic, digestive, uterine and sedative. Slows down breathing and produces feelings of calm. Ideally used for meditation. Like most other oils extracted from resins, frankincense is effective for respiratory catarrhal discharge and respiratory congestion. Used in inhalations, it may be helpful for asthma sufferers as it eases shortness of breath. Its astringent properties may relieve uterine hemorrhages, as well as heavy periods and generally acts as a tonic to the uterus. Its cytophylactic properties make it an ideal oil for mature, wrinkled skin in need of a lift. Blends well with basil, geranium, lavender, orange, neroli, patchouli and sandalwood. Flash point: 80°F. (Cannot ship via air or ocean w/o appropriate documentation, cannot ship via postal air services.) N.B. Although this oil is too expensive to use in our products it is a personal favorite for colds, and it is often provided on request for special products. )

Geranium : Pelargonium graveolens, steam distilled leaf, Egypt (standard cultivation), Madagascar (organic). Sweet, heavy aroma, somewhat like rose with a minty overtone. Among its properties are analgesic, antidepressant, antiseptic, cicatrisant, diuretic and insecticide. Calms anxiety, lifts the spirit, assists with depression. Useful for all conditions of the woman's reproductive system as an inhalant and massage application, beneficial for PMS. May assist with menopausal problems such as vaginal dryness and heavy periods. Assists with breast inflammation. Helps clear the body of toxins and this may be helpful with addictions. Stimulates the lymphatic system which keeps infection at bay. Eases neuralgia. Indicated for all problems of the nervous system such as anxiety and nervous fatigue. The oil is a diuretic and a lymphatic stimulant which can help relieve congestion, fluid retention and swollen ankles. Useful for all skin conditions as it balances sebum. Good for oily skin. It's an excellent remedy for burns, wounds and ulcers. Blends well with basil, bergamot, carrot seed, jasmine, lavender and rose. Flash point: 185°F. N/B Geranium is used in small amounts in some of our skin care products and in the Herbal Shampoo because of its regulatory ability. It is too overbearing to use by itself, but combined with other scents may make an absolutely heavenly fragrance.

Ginger : Zingiber officinale, steam distilled root, China. Spicy, woody, warm, with a hint of lemon and pepper. It is antiseptic, analgesic, expectorant, laxative, and aphrodisiac. Aids memory, cheers one up. Eases sore throats. Settles the digestive system, effective against nausea, hangovers, jet lag, sea and travel sickness. Relieves cramps, rheumatic pains and muscle spasms. A valuable remedy in cases of impotence. Blends well with cajeput, cinnamon, eucalyptus, frankincense, geranium, orange and verbena. Flash point: 130°F. (Cannot ship via air or ocean w/o appropriate documentation, cannot ship via postal air services. UN#1993, Group III, Flammable Liquid). N.B. This is used in Green Island's Slimming & Firming cream.

Grapefruit, Pink : Citrus paradisi, cold pressed peel, organic, South Africa. Has a fresh, sweet, sharp and citrusy aroma. It is antidepressant, antiseptic, diuretic and disinfectant, stimulant. Invaluable in times of stress and depression as it uplifts and revives the spirit. May have an effect on obesity and fluid retention, is useful for treating water retention and is detoxifying. Ideal for treating cellulite. It has a stimulating effect on the digestive system. Helpful in treating acne, congested and oily skin. Relieves migraine and premenstrual tension and jet lag. Ideal for disinfecting rooms and in spray blends. Blends well with bergamot, cedarwood, frankincense, and lavender. According to The Complete Guide to Aromatherapy by Salvatore Battaglia, this essential oil is non-irritant, non-sensitizing and non-phototoxic. Flash point: 111°F. (Cannot ship via air or ocean w/o appropriate documentation, cannot ship via postal air services. UN #2319. N.B. This is one of the main oils in our Slimming & Firming cream. Lovely smell, you would want to eat it.

Juniper : Juniperus communis, steam distilled berry, Siberia. Coniferous, woody, spicy and herbal odor with a refreshing aroma. It is expectorant, antiseptic, antispasmodic, astringent, carminative and rubefacient. Not to be used if you have any type of kidney or inflammatory problems. Effective diuretic and antiseptic of the genito-urinary tract, very valuable in treating cystitis and kidney stones. Helps with cellulitis. Clears intestinal mucous. Helpful in cases of gout and rheumatism as it helps to eliminate uric acid. Regulates period and eases painful cramps. In skin care, it's useful for treating acne, blocked pores, weeping eczema, psoriasis and inflammations. Don't use during pregnancy. Blends well with bergamot, cypress, frankincense, and sandalwood. Flash point: 105°F. (Cannot ship via air or ocean w/o appropriate documentation, cannot ship via postal air services. UN #2319, Group III) N,.B. Also used in our Slimming & Firming cream and in some specially made formulations.

Lavender : There are many varieties of Lavender. We commonly use Lavandula angustifolia, steam distilled flowering top, France, from various sources and sometimes Bulgarian super, if we can obtain it at bulk pricing. Lavender's aroma is floral, herbaceous, light with woody undertones. Among its many properties, it's known to be analgesic, antidepressant, antirheumatic, antiseptic, antispasmodic, antiviral, bactericide, cicatrizant, decongestant, deodorant, diuretic, fungicide, sedative. Soothes the spirit, relieves anger, valuable in manic-depressive cases. Has a sedative action on the heart, assists in bringing down high blood pressure, relieves insomnia, relieves muscular spasms and rheumatic pains. The first essential oil one should reach for in the case of minor burns and sunburn. Useful with menstrual problems, bronchitis and headaches, helps lower blood pressure. Useful in a diffuser in the delivery room. May be useful in nausea, vomiting and colic. Keeps insects at bay. Purifies the air. Promotes growth of new skin cells, great healing effect on burns and sunburn, acne, psoriasis, boils, fungal growths, and scarring. Lavender is one of the safest essential oils to use with children and the elderly. Blends well with bergamot, chamomile, citronella, lemon, and pine. Flash point: 156°F for 40/42 and Organic. (Lavender Bulgaria & Lavender French have flashpoints of 125°F and cannot ship via air or ocean w/o appropriate documentation, cannot ship via postal air services, UN #1993, Flammable Liquid). N.B. This is one of the most widely used essential oils at Green Island. It is one of the most widely accepted fragrances for men as well as women, combines with practically every other scent and has enormous versatility in uses. Also there are practically no risks involved in its use not even for children. Wonderful oil.

Lavandin Grosso : Lavandula hybrida or x intermedia. This is a hybrid developed by crossing true lavender with spike lavender which grows wild in areas where true lavender is cultivated or grows wild. The essential oil's aroma is powdery, sweet, floral and herbaceous. Its use is the same as for Lavender and is effective as an inhalation for colds, sinusitis and other respiratory problems. May clear headaches, good for muscular stiffness. Blends well with bergamot, clary sage and lemon. Flash point: 151°F.

Lemon Distilled : Citrus limon, cold pressed peel, U.S.A., standard cultivation; Citrus medica L. var. limonum steam distilled, Italy, organic Ecocert. Clean, citrus, sharp citrus aroma. Among its many properties are antacid, antineuralgic, antirheumatic, antiseptic, astringent, bactericide, cicatrizant, diuretic, emollient, insecticide, and laxative. Helps to clear thoughts, helps with concentration, lifts the spirits. Tonic to the circulatory system, liquefies the blood and aids flow, thereby easing pressure on varicose veins. Used to bring down high blood pressure. Counteracts acidity in the body and makes the stomach more alkaline. Eases painful cold sores and herpes. May be helpful with constipation and cellulite. Has a tonic effect on the circulatory system. Bl ends well with chamomile, eucalyptus, lavender and rose. NOTE: Steam distilled lemon, unlike cold-pressed lemon, is safe to use on the skin w/o any danger of photosensitivity. Standard cultivation Lemon essential oil, flash point: 115°F. (Cannot ship via air or ocean w/o appropriate documentation, can ship within the U.S. and its possessions if rebottled in individual 1 oz. glass bottles, UN#2319, Group III.) Organic cultivation Lemon distilled essential oil, flash point: 127.4°F (UN# 1169, flammable liquid, cannot ship via air or ocean w/o appropriate documentation, can only ship via postal air within the U.S. and its possessions services if rebottled in individual 1 oz. glass bottles.)

Lemongrass : Cymbopogon flexuosus, steam distilled leaf/herb, Guatemala (standard cultivation) and Ethiopia (organic cultivation). Sweet, herbaceous, smoky and lemony aroma. It is tonic, digestive and vasodilator with anti-inflammatory and sedative properties. Stimulates the mind, lifts the spirit, clears the head. Stimulates appetite, helpful with colic and indigestion. Prevents spread of contagious diseases. Great for aching muscles, relieves tired legs. Relieves fatigue, assists with jet lag. Aids in the flow of milk in nursing mothers. May be a dermal irritant. Blends well with cedarwood, basil, lavender, neroli, niaouli and tea tree. Flash point: 160°F. N.B. Lemongrass is used a lot at Green Island, for instance in our insect repellents, in our Sea Fantasy soaps, and the Lemongrass massage oil.

Lime : Citrus aurantifolia a/k/a Citrus medica var. acida, cold pressed peel, Persia. Its aroma is sharp, citrus, tart and sweet with some spice. It is antiseptic, antiviral, astringent, disinfectant, insecticide, restorative. Very stimulating in cases of apathy, depression and anxiety. Eases coughs and chest congestion. Encourages appetite, may assist in anorexia. Assists in treating alcoholism because of its disinfecting and detoxifying properties. Lime oil has extensive use in the body-care industry and forms, along with Lavender oil, a great deal of men's fragrances. Blends well with bergamot, geranium, lavender, rose and ylang ylang. Flash point: 115°F. (Cannot ship via air or ocean w/o appropriate documentation, cannot ship via postal air services. UN #2319, Group III) N.B. Lime is not really used much in our products, since it is not water-stable, but I just love the scent, and often use it personally. It does go into our Citrus Paradise massage oil.

Litsea Cubeba : Litsea cubeba a/k/a May Chang, Litsea citrata and tropical verbena, steam distilled fruit, China. Despite these names, it is not related to lemon verbena but belongs to the same family as the rosewood or cinnamon tree. Sweet, spicy and citrus fragrance with vegetative notes. It is antidepressant, antiseptic, astringent, insecticide, calming and sedative. Very uplifting and stimulating. It is a known tonic to the heart and respiratory system. May be helpful in cases of bronchitis and asthma. Used as an insect repellent. Blends well with lavender, neroli, and verbena. Flash point: 160°F. N.B. Green Island uses this in its Citrus Paradise Massage Oil and in citrus-scented soaps because it is a fixative for citrus oils which otherwise disappear rather quickly.

Marjoram, Spanish : Thymus mastichina, steam distilled herb, Spain. Not to be confused with sweet marjoram, commonly mistaken for oregano. Warm, penetrating and slightly eucalyptus-type aroma. It is analgesic, antiseptic, antispasmodic, digestive, emmenagogue, expectorant, sedative and laxative. Due to the higher 1,8-cineole content of Spanish marjoram, this oil is more effective used as an expectorant for respiratory tract infections and spasms. Marjoram has a calming effect on the nervous system, relieves anxiety and stress. It is effective for insomnia, especially when there's high blood pressure. Prolonged use may diminish sexual desire. Very effective in dealing with painful muscles, mostly in the lower back area. Assists with swollen joints, good as an after-sports rub. Seems to lower high blood pressure. Soothes digestion, may help with stomach cramps, constipation and flatulence. May be effective against sea sickness. Alleviates stuffed-up feeling during colds. May be useful in relieving painful periods. Blends well with bergamot, cedarwood, orange, and rosewood. Not to be used during pregnancy. Flash point: 125°F. (Cannot ship via air or ocean w/o appropriate documentation, cannot ship via postal air services. UN #1993, Flammable Liquid, Group III)

Myrtle : Myrtus communis, steam distilled leaf/twig, Spain. Fresh, slightly sweet and penetrating, similar to eucalyptus. Antiseptic, astringent, bactericide, and expectorant. May soothe feelings of anger, envy and greed. It's a suggested oil to use with people with addictions or self destructive behaviors. Particularly useful with pulmonary and urinary infections where there's excessive bronchial catarrh. Eases hemorrhoids with its astringent effect, particularly when mixed with witch hazel and cypress oil. Blends well with coriander, lavender, rosemary and tea tree. Flash point: 113°F. (Cannot ship via air or ocean w/o appropriate documentation, cannot ship via postal air services. un #1993, Flammable Liquid, Group III) N.B. Myrthe is one of the first essential oils we think of when making baby or children's products. It is very mild and also very effective for sore throats.

Niaouli (MQV) : Melaleuca quinquenervia viridiflora, steam distilled leaf/twig, Spain (standard cultivation), Madagascar (organic cultivation). Slightly sweet, fresh, camphoraceous aroma. It is analgesic, antiseptic, bactericide, cicatrisant, insecticide, decongestant and vermifuge. Stimulating, uplifting, clears the head and may aid in concentration. Niaouli is considered an excellent antiseptic for treating pulmonary infections such as bronchitis and sinus. Excellent for chest infections, bronchitis, asthma and sinusitis. May be used in place of Tea Tree when the smell of Tea Tree is found objectionable. For respiratory problems blends well with peppermint, eucalyptus, pine and myrtle. For other blends, try any of these: coriander, fennel, juniper, orange and peppermint. Flash point: 131°F. (Cannot ship via air or ocean w/o appropriate documentation, cannot ship via postal air services. UN #1993, Flammable Liquid, Group III) N.B. We sell this oil pure, but do not use it in products because it has a musty smell that makes people think the product is old. We prefer Cajuput in cleaning products and Eucalyptus in bodycare products.

Nutmeg : Myristica fragrans, steam distilled dried seed, Indonesia (also known as East Indian nutmeg). Spicy, warm and sweet odor. Considered analgesic, antiseptic, antispasmodic, emmenagogue, parturient, and tonic. Invigorates and stimulates the mind. Indicated for extreme tiredness and used in massage blends for aching joints because of its warming property. Not recommended for skin care. Should not be used during pregnancy at all. Inhaled may cause nausea. One drop of Nutmeg with 20-40 drops of Orange is wonderful for the home. Very strong, can be irritating. Blends well with citrus oils. Flash point: 109°F. (Cannot ship via air or ocean w/o appropriate documentation, cannot ship via postal air services. UN #2319, Group III)

Orange, Sweet : Citrus sinensis var. dulcis, cold pressed peel. Sweet Orange essential oil has a sweet citrus fragrance and is orange in color. It is antidepressant and calming. It refreshes the air and dissipates cooking odors. It is also a good grease cutter and is very useful in removing gooey residues, such as price labels from glass products and glass picture frames. Always test a small area as its color may discolor certain finishes. As with all cold pressed citrus essential oils, there's a chance of photo toxicity on skin exposed to the sun. Blends well with cinnamon, coriander, clove, frankincense, jasmine, and lavender. Regarding Orange Five Fold: Five fold essential oils are more concentrated than regular essential oils. This will allow you to put less of a volume in your soap recipe and still get more of a scent......a longer lasting scent. If you normally use 1 oz. of citrus oil per lb. of fat, the intensity would be similar to using 5 oz. of citrus oil per lb. of fat. You'd need to use much less of this product than of regular orange essential oil and the aroma in your product will be retained much longer. As you may know, citrus oil aromas tend to fade much quicker than other essential oil aromas.

Oregano : Origanum vulgare, steam distilled flowering tops, Hungary. Herby, woody, yet slightly spicy. This oil is an excellent disinfectant and stomachic. A very potent oil which could irritate the mucous membranes and should never be applied directly to the skin or mucous membranes. Best avoided in pregnancy. Its main effect seems to be on the digestive system, soothing the stomach, liver and spleen. Calms intestinal spasm. May combat acidity, stomach gas and encourage appetite. Blends well with basil, fennel, geranium and pine.

Palmarosa : Cymbopogon martinii, steam distilled leaf/grass, India (standard cultivation) and Ethiopia (organic cultivation). Powdery, floral, herbaceous, perhaps with a hint of rose. It is antifungal and antiviral. Indicated for bronchitis, birthing, regeneration of the skin, and regulating oil production of the skin. Useful in treating skin infections. Blends well with bergamot, citronella, jasmine, lavender, petitgrain and rose. Flash point: 193°F.

Patchouli : Pogostemon patchouli, steam distilled leaf, Indonesia. A strong, earthy, smoky, spicy and musky scent. It is antidepressant, antiseptic, aphrodisiac, astringent, deodorant, fungicide and insecticide. May cause loss of appetite. Its odor may be little too persistent for some people. Due to its strong astringent and cicatrisant properties, may be helpful for loose skin, especially after dieting, used in many anti-wrinkle products. Its diuretic properties are useful in cases of fluid retention and cellulite. Well known to increase libido, considered an aphrodisiac. Relieves effects from insect bites, protects clothes from moths. It is known as a tissue regenerator which helps stimulate regrowth of skin cells and the forming of scar tissue. Heals rough, cracked skin. Useful for treating acne, eczema, fungal infections and scalp disorders including dandruff. Blends well with black pepper, clary sage, frankincense, geranium, lavender and myrrh. Flash point: 215°F. N.B. We have found Patchouli effective in scar & striae cream/oil and in combination with a light oil such as Tangerine or Sweet Orange it makes a wonderful smell for soap. We also use it in the Herbal Shampoo.

Pepper, Black : Piper nigrum, steam distilled peppercorn/berry, India (standard cultivation), Madagascar (organic cultivation). This EO has a fresh, dry-woody, warm and spicy scent. It's analgesic, antiseptic, antispasmodic, aphrodisiac, diuretic, laxative and stomachic. There's the possibility of skin irritation. Black pepper is very stimulating to the mind, gives stamina where there's frustration. Its rubefacient and analgesic properties make it useful for muscular aches and pains and muscular stiffness as it assists with dilation of local blood vessels. Assists with rheumatoid arthritis and temporary limb paralysis. Warming in event of cold and flu. Stimulates appetite. Expels wind, calms vomiting. Its stomachic effect increases flow of saliva and stimulates appetite, expels wind, encourages peristalsis and is useful in bowel problems; restores tone to colon muscles. Blends well with basil, bergamot, cypress, grapefruit, lemon, and sandalwood. Flash point: 180°F. N.B. This is a wonderful oil that works well in our Muscle Motion Lotion, which is an effective pain reliever and after-sports rub. Really works against a stiff neck.